Boiler



T. A. KIDD.

(Modem BOILR.

Paten-ted Jan. 6

WHA/5885s;

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. passages, or some parts thereof, shall be di- 'ATENT 'Friess THOMAS A. KIDD, OF RAHWAY, NEIV JERSEY.

BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 443,99*?, dated January 6, 1891.

.Application led December 16, 1889. Serial No. 334,006. (Model.)

To @ZZ whom may concern.-

Be it known that I, THOMAS A. KIDD, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Rahway, in the county of Union and State of New J ersey', have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Boilers, of which the following` is a specification.

My improvement relates to boilers for heating purposes, and I aim to produce a cheap and eicient heater which will be applicable in many cases where the high cost of existing apparatus prevents their use. I attain this by a simple mode of construction, which enables the heater to be put together very cheaply, and at the same time by the principle and combination of parts I obtain high heating efficiency. I secure this latter result by providing within the heater itself a primary circulation system so constructed and arranged that the upward or flow circulationrectly exposed to the tire, and by inserting in the course of the iiow-passages a chamber or heater which has a large extent ot' surface proportionally to its volume and which is exposed directly to the flames. With the flow circulation-passages I combine downward or return circulation-passages, which are not directly exposed to the ire, and a water-reservoir, which is also to some degree protected from the full eiect of the heat. There results, according to the well understood principles of water-heating, a great preponderance of gravity in the return circulationpassages, which produces a very positive and energetic circulation of water through the heater. This circulation greatly promotes t-he rapid and economical heating of water and its conversion into steam. The aforesaid combination ot' a water-reservoir inside the heater, connected with the how-passages, I have found to be very important, in order to prevent the intense heat from vaporizing all the water in the flow-passages or expelling the water therefrom and endangering the apparatus.

Referring to the drawings to aid the description, Figure l is a vertical section of the apparatus, showing the door to one side for the sake of clearness. Fig. 2 is a perspective elevation ot the exterior. Fig. 3 is a plan of the top plate seen from above.

A is the base or ash-pit, constructed of castiron plates bolted together in the usual manner and containing the ash-door and dampers. On this base A is placed the water-reservoir B, which may be secured to the top plate of the base by bolts, and is in shape an annular vessel with an interior water-space B. The vessel B may be constructed of castiron for the sake of cheapness. The said vessel B is placed on the base A so that it encircles and rises above the grate C. Thus the vessel B forms the lower part of the fire-pot. The grate C is of any usual form, and may be suspended on the base in any usual marinier.

Into the top of the reservoir B is tapped a nipple b, threading into an elbow b', into which is threaded a nipple b2, which forms the lower extremity of a pipe-coil D. In some cases I nd it advantageous to extend the nipple b nearly to the bottom of the reservoir B. The aforesaid coil D has a diameter across the coils somewhat less than the diameter of the reservoir B,so that a space is left between the coil and the tire-brick lining` IV for the free passage ot' the flames all around the coil D. The upper end of the said coil connects by an elbow d and nipple d', with the bottom of a spheroidal vessel E, which is cheaply formed by casting and is placed with its major diameter horizontal, and is directly over the grate C. This vessel E constitutes an auxiliary heater interposed in the course of the upward or iiow circulation-passage, which passage is composed of the coil D, ves# sel E, and pipes connecting with the upper and lower reservoirs, and the said vessel E is shaped to have a great extent of heating-surface proportionally to the volume of water which it contains. The upper part of the vessel E is connected by a threaded nipple with the lower part of the upper reservoir or steam-dome F, which is formed of cast-iron and has a flanged top plate G secured to the reservoir F by bolts, as shown. Return circulationpipes H H are threaded into the lower part of the reservoir G and upper part of the reservoir B, as shown. Thus the coil D, heater E, and pipes H rI-I form, together with the reservoirs B and F, a primary circulation system Within the heater itself, of which the flow members D andE are exposed to the direct heat of the flames, while the return ICO members H H are to' one side and not directly exposed to the Haines, and are also protected by the tire-brick, as hereinafter set forth. Moreover, the reservoir B, by reason of encircling the lower part of the fuel-space below the intense flames, and being` also to one side of the re, tends to preserve the water therein from the intense heat to which the coil D and heater E are exposed. Thus there is produced a great preponderance of gravity in the return members H H and a positive energetic circulation of water through the hea-ter. The vessel E being directly over the iire, steam is made energetically therein.

It is evident that in place of coils D and pipes II II, I may form the flow and return passages in other ways, the important parts of my invention being the combination of a heater E with the flow-passage, the placing ot' the flow-passage and the heaterE in direct exposure to the fire, and the removing ot the retu r11-passages from the like directexposure.

From the top plate G ot' the reservoir F rises the steam-main I, with which are connected the branch pipes to the various radiators. (Not shown, and constituting no part of my invention.) To this pipe I may also be connected pipes J and K, which also branch into the reservoir B, and to the said pipes may be connected the usual safety-valve L, water-gage M, and pressure-gage Y. The returns frein the radiators mayenter the reservoir B by apipe O, and water may be supplied to the heater by a pipe branching into pipe O,and not shown. With the reservoir B may also be connected pipes P and Q, rising to a damper-regulator R, by which the damper and check-doors may be controlled in the usual manner.

S is a blow-ott valve.

The heater is inclosed in a jacket T, formed of sheet-iron and with double walls t and t',

forming a space Lt between, which may be filled with some non-conducting material, as dry sand. The inner wall t of the jacket T its snugly under the flange g of the top plate G, the said flange extending across over the space u between the walls of the jacket T. The outer wall t rises somewhat above the top plate G, as shown, and the said plate is perforated with openings g', placed to come directly over the space it. By means of these openings the jacket T may be lled with the non-conducting material, which may also be spread over the plate G, as indicated by the dotted lines.

U is a fuel-door through the jacket T, having side walls to prevent the escape of the sand filling, and inside the door U is a chute V to direct the coals to the interior of the coil D, whence they descend to the grate C. I prefer to line the jacket T with fire-brick W, which are supported by the top of the reservoir B, vand are placed so as to leave a space between the brick and the coil D for the free passage of tlames around the coil, as hereinbefore described. The bricks W are carried to a height equal to the height of the coil I), and they are extended to each side of the returns H H, so as to protect the said returns from the names. vThere is ot' course a smoke-tlue passing through. the jacket T to convey away the products of combustion.

N L indicates the water-level in the heater.

I claim-V l. In a steam-heater, a coil connecting a water-reservoir surrounding the tire pot with a steam-dome, and. a secondary heater between the steam-dome and the coil, connected directly with the coil, so that the circulation from the water-reservoir to the steam-dome must pass through the coil and the secondary heater, as described.

2. In a steam-heater, the combination of a water-reservoir surrounding the tire-pot, a coil ascending from the water-reservoir, a secondary heater between the steam-dome and the coil, connected directly with the coil, and a pipe connecting the secondary heater with the steam-dome, the whole arranged so that the circulation between the reservoir and the dome passes through the coil and the secondary heater, as described. p

3. In a steam-heater, the combination of a water-reservoir surrounding the tire-pot, a coil ascending from the reservoir, a secondary heater directly connected with the coil and also with a steam-dome, and return circulation-pipes connecting the steamdome with the water-reservoir, as described.

4. In a steam-heater, the combination of a lower water-reservoir surrounding the tire-pot, a coil rising from the reservoir, a secondary heater connected directly with the coil and placed vertically above the grate, so as to be exposed to the full effect of the tlames,a pipe connecting the secondary heater with an upper steam-dome, and return circulation-pipes connecting the steam-dome with the waterreservoir, as described.

5. In a steam-boiler, the combination of an outer jacket formed with double walls, and a iianged top having perforations placed to come over the space between the wallsv of the jacket, whereby the said space may be filled with non-conducting` material, as described.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 9th day of December, A. D. 1889.

THOMAS A. KIDD.

Vitiiesses:

HUDSON CAMrBELL, CHAs. S. LoNGHURsT.

ICO

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